大规模采砂对椒江河口段河床的影响及对策     

陈来华 《海洋学研究》2007,25(2):63-73

根据椒江河口段大规模采砂前后的实测水下地形资料,对石仙妇至椒江大桥段的河床演变进行分析后发现,大规模采砂使该段河床明显下降,该段河床总体上是被刷深的,2002年该段河道容积比1993年累计增大了492.2万m3。1993年至2002年该段河床高程平均下降了0.68 m。为确保河滩和堤防的稳定,提出了相应的采砂管理措施,划定了禁止采砂区,提倡减少采砂量、弃碴就地处置和实行采砂年检制度。只要加强对采砂的科学管理,椒江河口段的采砂不但不会影响通航,反而对加大航道水深是有益的,即采砂能起到疏浚航道的作用。  相似文献   

河口海岸环境变异和资源可持续利用   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15  

陈吉余  陈沈良 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2002,22(2):1-7

河口海岸是地球四大圈层交汇，能流和物流的重要聚散地带，中国入海河流众多，河流挟带泥沙每年达20亿t，占全世界入海泥沙的10%，植被破坏，水土流失，人类对水资源的开以及跨流域调水都能影响流域来水来沙，地下水超采也可以使河口海岸沉降，这些都影响着河口海岸的环境，该区域经济发达，人口集中，开发程度高，导致严重的环境变异，资源破坏，对区域持续发展造重大影响，特别是我国流域高强度开发对河口和邻近海域有直接和深远的影响。因此，开展河口海岸环境变异的研究，为解决国家目标和海岸带资源可持续利用是非常重要的。  相似文献   

Seafloor mapping from high-density satellite altimetry     

Nicolas Baudry  Stephane Calmant 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1996,18(2-4):135-146

In this paper, we publish the results of a bathymetry survey based on the processing of satellite altimetry data. Data gathered from GEOSAT (Geodetic Mission), SEASAT, ERS-1 and TOPEX/POSEIDON satellites were processed to recover the seafloor topography over new seamounts in a test area located in the south central Pacific. We show that by processing high-density satellite altimetry data, alone or in combination with shiptrack bathymetric data, it is possible to produce full coverage bathymetric maps.  相似文献   

Long-term trends in ten non-target North Sea fish species   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Heessen  Henk J. L.; Daan  Niels 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1996,53(6):1063-1078

  相似文献   

全新世气候系统的突变及周期性   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

鲜锋  周卫健  余华贵 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2006,26(5):109-115

高纬冰心、海洋沉积物及陆相古气候沉积记录揭示了全新世冰后期(最近1万年以来)存在系列气候突变事件及百年—千年尺度的气候周期韵律,证实了在冰期-间冰期旋回大尺度气候背景下全球气候存在较大不稳定特征这一基本事实。全新世作为与人类文明衔接的最新地质时段,各国科学家针对全新世气候系统变化特征及驱动机制的研究不断取得新的进展,这些成果将为未来气候演化趋势预测提供重要的历史相似性。总结了近年来关于全新世气候系统的突变及周期性研究的一些成果,并进行了概略的评述和展望。  相似文献   

褐藻多酚含量的季节变化   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

严小军  周天成  娄清香  王孝举 《海洋科学》1996,20(5):39-42

褐藻多酚的季节变化研究具有重要的理论意义，对海黍子和鼠尾藻褐藻多酚的含量测定结果表明，褐藻多酚含量的季节变化范围分别在１．５￣３．１％之间以及０．８￣１．８％之间。另外，ＰＶＰ吸附率也有相应的变化，分别在５１￣６９％之间以及４１￣６３％之间。  相似文献   

Biometry, Bathymetric Distribution, and Reproductive Cycle of the Holothuroid Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata) from Mediterranean Sea grass Beds     

Patrick  Bulteel  Michel  Jangoux Pierre  Coulon 《Marine Ecology》1992,13(1):53-62

Abstract. Holothuria tubulosa individuals were sampled regularly at three different depths (6, 19, and 33m) over a 20-month period in a Posidonia oceanica meadow off Ischia Island (Italy). Biometrical analysis demonstrated that holothuroids have a well-marked size-related distribution according to depth, with the smallest individuals in the shallowest part of the meadow and the large ones in its deepest part. The observed distributions reflect the ability of H. tubulosa to grow more efficiently in areas of low water turbulence where Posidonia shoots are scattered and detrital food is more easily accessible. Recruitment takes place in the shallow meadow, and holothuroids with high reproductive potential only occur in the deep meadow. Small holothuroids (shallow individuals of similar sizes) may be either juveniles or sexually mature individuals; environmental constraints apparently restrict the growth of individuals and their gonads. There is a progressive downward migration of growing individuals when the whole population is considered, although at the level of the individual the migration occurs randomly. Accordingly, the size of a sexually mature individual is more a function of its past history in the meadow than of its real age.  相似文献   

鲱、鲽在卵和卵黄囊期仔鱼发育阶段生化成分的变化   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

殷名称  J.C.A.Craik 《海洋与湖沼》1993,24(2):157-165

本文以产沉(粘)性卵的鲱(Clupea harengus L.)和浮性卵的鲽(Pleuronectes platessa L.)为代表,对这两类海洋鱼类在卵和卵黄囊期仔鱼发育阶段水分、钠、钾、脂肪和蛋白质含量变化作了比较研究。实验于1987年春在苏格兰完成。结果发现:1)鲱的含水量在三个阶段有明显增长,受精时从75％—85％,卵发育期从85％—87％,孵化后从85％—90％;通过这一成功变化,最终使仔鱼获得浮性,上升并进入浮游生物水层摄食;鲽卵含水量在这三个阶段均保持在90％—92％,并一直保持相应的浮性,至摄食期。2)两种初孵仔鱼含水量的差别,主要由卵黄囊含水量不同引起,而身体其它部分含水量没有显著种的差别。3)鲱在钠、钾含量上的增长和波动,大致同这三个阶段湿重和含水量的增长和波动一致。4)脂肪和蛋白质对卵和仔鱼的浮性几乎不起作用;两种鱼在卵和卵黄囊期发育阶段,脂肪和蛋白质含量均呈线性下降。  相似文献   

喀什市城市植被及其覆盖度研究     

亚库普·约麦尔  阿里木江·卡斯木 《测绘科学》2016,41(3):109-113

针对国内外对城市植被及其覆盖度方面的研究不够深入的现状,该文以喀什市1990年、2000年及2010年3期Landsat TM/ETM+遥感影像为数据源,结合归一化植被指数(NDVI)与植被覆盖度估算方法,对喀什市植被覆盖区土地类型、面积变化等方面进行研究。结果表明:1990年至2010年,高覆盖区所占比例由1990年到2000年逐步增加,2010年稍有减少;中高覆盖区面积出现先减小后增加的变化趋势;中覆盖区面积逐年增加;低覆盖区呈先减小后增加的趋势;极低覆盖区变化最慢,2010年比1990年稍有增加。  相似文献   

Cycling of calcite and hydrous metal oxides and chemical changes of major element and REE chemistry in monomictic hardwater lake: Impact on sedimentation     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2016,76(1):133-148

The variation of major and rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in the monomictic hardwater Lake Tiberias during the wet and dry seasons of the hydrological year was studied in two profiles. The average volume and Cl concentration of the known and unknown saline inflows of 1.6 × 10⁷ m³ and 1.2 × 10⁹ mol are derived by closing both balances. This brine corresponds to a mixture of 83% of groundwater from Cretaceous aquifers and 17% of very saline deep brine. Taking cycling of calcite in the hypolimnion into account, the settling rate of authigenic calcite is estimated to be 3.3 mol m⁻² a⁻¹.In the stratified lake of the dry season dissolved inorganic carbon increases by 490 μM at the thermo-/chemocline due to microbial reduction of SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, chemical reduction of Fe(III) and MnO₂ colloids, and cycling of calcite in the hypolimnion. REY distribution in the stratified water column is dominantly controlled by coprecipitation with calcite, hydrous ferric oxides and MnO₂ in the epilimnion and cycling of these compounds in the hypolimnion. The positive Ce anomaly in the hypolimnetic water is produced by cycling of MnO₂. The simulation of the increase of REY in the hypolimnion reveals that hydrous ferric and manganese oxides only play a negligible role except Ce. Only about 10% of REY from cycled matter enhance REY in solution. Most of the released REY are adsorbed by particular matter and thus settling on the floor of the lake.Different from Na, U, SO₄²⁻ and SiO₂, the other elements, in particular REY, increase in the mixed water column from the top to the lower third and mostly decrease thereafter toward the bottom in the mixed lake during the wet season. The behavior of REY is caused by some cycling of calcite and pH-dependent re-equilibration of REY bound to hydrous ferric and manganese oxides adsorbed by particular matter.  相似文献